Einstein and Brownian Motion In 1905, Einstein wrote four famous papers, on Special Relativity, and the formula E=mc^2 in an addendum, on light quanta, and, last but not least, on the theory of Brownian motion. The latter is actually his most cited result! At the occasion of the Centenary in 2005 and of the World Year of Physics, we shall discuss the history of Brownian motion, the various approaches by Einstein to it, and why his results had such a big impact on the development of physical sciences and mathematics.