# 5.4 Additional Clauses

## An `else` clause

If the try-block runs without raising any exception, any `except` clauses
in it are skipped and the entire try-catch is finished.
But if there is something we want to do specifically in that case,
we can add an `else` clause after all the `except` clauses.
The code in the `else` clause is executed
if the try-block runs *without* raising any exception.

Here's an example:

```python
def gibberish(d: dict[int: str], num: int) -> None:
    try:
        k = int(len(d) / num)
        answer = d[k]
        print(f'The answer is {answer}')
    except ZeroDivisionError:
        print(f'Cannot divide by zero!')
    except KeyError:
        print(f'Key {k} does not exist!')
    else:
        print('No problems occurred.')
```

The `else` clause executes only if no kind of exception is raised.
If a `ZeroDivisionError` or `KeyError` is raised, or even if another kind of
exception not handled by an `except` clause is raised,
the `else` clause is skipped.
Think of the `else` clause as saying
"else if there was no exception at all, ..."
(and not "else if there was some other kind of exception ...").

## A `finally` clause

There is one last option: we can add a `finally` clause.
The code in this clause is executed no matter what:
whether or not an exception was raised, or if one was raised,
whether or not it was handled by an `except` clause.
The designers of Python intended it for taking care of any clean-up step(s)
that should happen under all circumstances.

Here we've added a `finally` to our `gibberish` function:

```python
def gibberish(d: dict[int: str], num: int) -> None:
    try:
        k = int(len(d) / num)
        answer = d[k]
        print(f'The answer is {answer}')
    except ZeroDivisionError:
        print(f'Cannot divide by zero!')
    except KeyError:
        print(f'Key {k} does not exist!')
    else:
        print('No problems occurred.')
    finally:
        print('Regardless, here we are.')
```

The "Regardless" statement is printed no matter what happens:

```python
>>> gibberish_v2({6: 'twas', 2: 'brillig', 15: 'slithy', 3: 'toads'}, 2)
The answer is brillig
No problems occurred.
Regardless, here we are.
>>> gibberish_v2({6: 'twas', 2: 'brillig', 15: 'slithy', 3: 'toads'}, 0)
Cannot divide by zero!
Regardless, here we are.
>>> gibberish_v2({6: 'twas', 2: 'brillig', 15: 'slithy', 3: 'toads'}, 3)
Key 1 does not exist!
Regardless, here we are.
```