3.7.0 (v3.7.0:1bf9cc5093, Jun 26 2018, 23:26:24) 
[Clang 6.0 (clang-600.0.57)]
Python Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
# Lists

# Lists are another python type
# Unlike the types we've seen so far, lists can store 
# *multiple* data types at the same time
s = 'csc'
n = 120
t = True
# We can create a list using [ ]
L = [s, n, t]
L
['csc', 120, True]
type(L)
<class 'list'>

# you can use literals to create lists (without variable names)
L2 = ['hello', 120]
L2
['hello', 120]

L3 = [1, 5654, 32, 90]
# Usually only one type in the list, but in some cases you might
# want multiple types

L3
[1, 5654, 32, 90]

# A list is ordered
# just like strings, values are ordered from left to right
# We can index the list using square brackets, just like strings

L
['csc', 120, True]
L[0]
'csc'
L[1]
120
L[2]
True
L[3]
Traceback (most recent call last):
  Python Shell, prompt 26, line 1
builtins.IndexError: list index out of range

# each value in the list is reffered to as an 'element'
# "L[0] is the element in L at index 0"
type(L[0])
<class 'str'>
type(L[1])
<class 'int'>
type(L[2])
<class 'bool'>
type(L)
<class 'list'>

# List slicing
# just like with strings, we can get a slice of a list in Python
L4 = [3, 4, 6, 7, 8]
L4[0:3]
[3, 4, 6]
# L[start:stop] slices the list from start up to but not including
# stop
L4[3:4]
[7]
L4[3:5]
[7, 8]
L4[2:-1]
[6, 7]
L4[-1]
8
L4[::2]
[3, 6, 8]

# Nested lists
# you can put lists inside of lists
K = [[1, 2, "csc120"], [3, 4, "csc108"]]
K
[[1, 2, 'csc120'], [3, 4, 'csc108']]
len(K)
2
# len(K) gives back the number of elements in K
# any list by itself is considered one element
# since K has two lists in it, len(K) = 2

K[0]
[1, 2, 'csc120']
K[1]
[3, 4, 'csc108']

# how do we get just 'csc120'?
K[0][0]
1
K[0][2]
'csc120'
K[0]
[1, 2, 'csc120']
K[0][2]
'csc120'

K[0]
[1, 2, 'csc120']
K[1]
[3, 4, 'csc108']
# these two lists are the 'inner' lists of K
# we can index values within the inner lists by first indexing
# K to get the one we want
# and then indexing the values within that inner list
K[0][1]
2
# ^ we first indexed the inner list at K[0]
# and then indexed the inner list at index 1 - K[0][1]
K[1][0]
3
K[1][1]
4