Collected HTML tag list

<html> ... </html>
enclose entire file
<head> ... </head>
enclose heading information, notably the <title>
<title> ... </title>
not part of document content: used as bookmark name, window title, etc. Might be more globally meaningful than the <h1> title.
<body> ... </body>
the document content (everything after </head>, generally)

<h1> ... </h1>
the biggest header, usually right at the top of the document. Unlike <title>, this is part of the document content.
<h2> ... </h2>
next-biggest header
<h3> ... </h3>
<h4> ... </h4>
<h5> ... </h5>
<h6> ... </h6>

<strong> ... </strong>
emphasize this text (generally using bold face)
<cite> ... </cite>
a citation (e.g. the name of a book). Usually rendered in italics.
<i> ... </i>
italic
<b> ... </b>
bold face
<tt> ... </tt>
"typewriter text", like this. Used for code samples.
<sup> ... </sup>
superscript (raised, smaller characters). Used for footnotes and for exponentiation.
<sub> ... </sub>
subscript (lowered, smaller characters).

<p>
separates paragraphs. No closing tag. Without this, lines are run together.
<hr>
horizontal rule (line). (No closing tag.)

<ul> ... </ul>
unnumbered list (usually uses "bullets"). The content is a sequence of <li> items.
<li>
within <ul> or <ol>, indicates the start of a list item. No closing tag.
<ol> ... </ol>
numbered list. The content is a sequence of <li> items.

<a href="URL"> ... </a>
hyperlink to another document. The URL can be relative (often just a plain file name), or absolute (usually beginning with http://, etc). The text within the <a> ... </a> can be selected (e.g. clicked upon) to go to the target URL.
<img src="URL" alt="what to display instead">
embedded picture. The URL can be relative or absolute. The alt text is displayed if image-viewing is unavailable or switched off. No closing tag.

Entities

Here are some "character entities" useful for writing symbols which are hard or impossible to write directly. Character entities begin with an ampersand and end with a semicolon.
&lt;
less-than symbol (<)
&gt;
greater-than symbol (>)
&amp;
ampersand (&)
&aacute; &acirc; &agrave; &auml; &eacute; &ecirc; &egrave; &euml; &iacute; &icirc; &igrave; &iuml; &oacute; &ocirc; &ograve; &ouml; &uacute; &ucirc; &ugrave; &uuml; &yuml; &ccedil; &ntilde; &aelig; &oelig; &aring;
the non-English characters á â à ä é ê è ë í î ì ï ó ô ò ö ú û ù ü ÿ ç ñ æ œ å
Capitalize the first letter of one of those entity names for capital characters. For example, &Aring; yields Å

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